Short & Sweet: Understanding reeds and choosing them correctly
Choosing the right reed: how to achieve the perfect density for your weave
When it comes to weaving, the reed is an indispensable tool that is often underestimated. Choosing the right reed can make the difference between a loose, unstable weave and a dense, stable fabric. But how do you choose the right reed for your project? In this article we explain how to choose a reed for your next weaving project.
What is a reed and why is it important?
The reed, also called a weaving reed or weaver's reed (in German: Webkamm, Webblatt, Weberblatt or Riet), is the part of the loom or weaving frame through which the warp threads are passed in order to make weaving easier and to determine the density of the fabric. The fineness is given either as XX/10 or as X dpi.
- dpi (dents per inch) = how many warp threads per inch
- XX/10 = how many warp threads per 10 centimetres
The figure in dpi is used internationally, while X/10 is more common in Europe, especially in German-speaking countries.
A concrete example: what do the numbers on a reed mean?
Let us take the wooden reed by Ashford shown here as an example. It is engraved with a fineness of 30/10, which corresponds to 7.5 dpi (marked in blue in the picture).
30/10 means that 30 warp threads are distributed over 10 cm. That is already relatively coarse. This setting is suitable for thicker wool. The figure 7.5 dpi stands for 7.5 dents per inch, that is 7.5 threads per inch. Since one inch is 2.54 cm, you arrive at the same result: 4 x 2.54 cm make about 10 cm, and 4 x 7.5 threads likewise make 30 threads. That is how it is calculated.
A fine reed with more dpi is ideal for thin yarns and fine, dense fabrics, while a coarser reed with fewer dpi is better suited to thicker yarns and looser weaves. Choosing the wrong reed can mean that the fabric either turns out too loose and is not stable enough, or too dense, which makes weaving harder and leaves the finished piece stiff.
Most manufacturers only offer the most common standard sizes. At Berliner Webstühle, however, we offer our customers individually made sizes. That is why you can order rarities from us such as a reed with a fineness of 120/10 and a width of 160 cm. All reeds are made from high-quality stainless steel. More information here: Custom-made stainless steel reed
Here is an overview of the most common finenesses and their conversion:
Important: we have compiled this list to the best of our knowledge and belief. However, the conversions and calculations are not accurate to the last decimal place. So please check and recalculate for yourself before planning your own project.
2.5 DPI or 10/10 cm
3.0 DPI or 12/10 cm
3.5 DPI or 14/10 cm
4.0 DPI or 16/10 cm
4.5 DPI or 18/10 cm
5.0 DPI or 20/10 cm
5.5 DPI or 22/10 cm
6.0 DPI or 24/10 cm
6.5 DPI or 26/10 cm
7.0 DPI or 28/10 cm
7.5 DPI or 30/10 cm
8.0 DPI or 32/10 cm
8.5 DPI or 34/10 cm
9.0 DPI or 36/10 cm
9.5 DPI or 38/10 cm
10 DPI or 40/10 cm
11 DPI or 44/10 cm
12 DPI or 48/10 cm
13 DPI or 52/10 cm
14 DPI or 56/10 cm
15 DPI or 60/10 cm
16 DPI or 64/10 cm
17 DPI or 68/10 cm
18 DPI or 72/10 cm
19 DPI or 76/10 cm
20 DPI or 80/10 cm
21 DPI or 84/10 cm
22 DPI or 88/10 cm
23 DPI or 92/10 cm
24 DPI or 96/10 cm
25 DPI or 100/10 cm
and so forth ...
How to choose the right reed
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Knowing your yarn: The first step in choosing the right reed is knowing the yarn you are using. Thinner yarns call for finer reeds, while thicker yarns work better with coarser reeds. So think about how you want your finished fabric to look and what yarn weight you are using.
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Determining the desired fabric density: Consider how dense or loose you want your fabric to be. Do you want a dense, hard-wearing fabric of the kind that is usual for towels or tablecloths, or a light, airy fabric that works well for scarves or curtains? The density you want determines the choice of reed.
- Experiment with samples: If you are unsure which reed is best suited, it is a good idea to weave a small sample. This gives you the chance to try out different reeds and to see how the fabric develops. Often the feel of the fabric in your hand or the visual impression will help you make the best choice.
Tips for beginners
If you are new to weaving, it can be helpful to start with a medium reed (e.g. 10 dpi or 40/10), which allows for a universal density. You can then gradually experiment with finer or coarser reeds to see how they affect the fabric.
Conclusion
Choosing the right reed is decisive if you want to achieve the result you are after in your weaving project. By taking the properties of your yarn and the desired fabric density into account, you can make sure that your finished piece turns out exactly as you imagined it. Do not be afraid to experiment with different reeds to find out what works best for you.
Good luck with your next weaving project!